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Information on LEDs 

Lighting will undergo a radical transformation, just as vacuum tubes changed to semiconductor transistors, television and computer picture tubes changed to flat screen. In the same way all incandescent lamps that are gas filled glass tubes will be making way to solid state LED lighting for every kind of lighting.

With the growing demand for power, the world is at the limits of power generation opposed to the steep costs of energy and heavy increasing consumption. The result of this was seen in mid 2003 when parts of the United States of America and Canada were hit by a massive black out.

The message was very clear we had to reduce consumption and find out best alternate ways to do so. LED technology was one of the best that could happen to all. 

Until 10 years back LEDS were unthinkable and never ever thought about except their use as LED indicators and LED displays.

LED Technology has however evolved and it is coming to us in full force from a few hundred million into a multi billion dollar industry. 

From the low brightness LEDs to high brightness LEDs and now it is ultra high brightness LEDs.

From LED indicators on audio systems once upon a time it has moved up to LED head lights in vehicles and almost every possible use the human mind could comprehend.

LED's vs. Incandescent

The incandescent lamp 

When current passes through the tungsten filament it gets white hot to about 3000 degrees centigrade. This is a point when it glows white hot and the of emission of visible light is called incandescence. 

These lamps use about 10-15% of electricity as light, the rest is wasted away in the process of heating the filament and maintaining its white hot glow.

Light Emitting Diodes

LED's on the other hand convert about 85-90% of electricity directly into light. They are cool to touch.

LED's are semiconductors and are also known as p-n semiconductor devices with a varying ability to conduct electrical current. The n region is a negative charge or electrons, while the p region is a positive charge or holes. 

When a forward voltage is applied to the LED p-n junction from the p region to the n region, the charge carriers inject across the junction into a zone where they recombine and convert the excess energy into light.

They are made of a conductor whose conductivity is controlled by certain factors, they have impurities or atoms of another material added to it. This process of adding impurities is called doping.

By doping a substrate material with different materials, a p-n junction is formed within the semiconductor crystal

LEDs have great potential for energy-efficient lighting for residential and even commercial building use. They can be used for small area lighting, such as task and under-shelf LED fixtures, LED spot and special LED lighting, and LED Pathway and LED step marking. As white LEDs become more powerful and effective, LEDs will be used in more general illumination applications, perhaps with entire walls and ceilings becoming the lighting system. They're already being used successfully in many general illumination applications including traffic signals and exit signs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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